• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    -one . The method of controlling the profile of the teeth of gears with the help of applied means with rectangular coordination with the X, Y system, which means that the applied means are based on the wheel using two ball fitting tips placed in the cavities between the teeth, set the coordinate plane perpendicular The axis of the controlled gear, the axis Y, is set perpendicular to the straight line passing through the centers of the ball mounting tips, and the axis X is drawn midway between them, the starting points are determined these coordinate axes, calculate the theoretical coordinates of the points of the tooth profile, install a small distance meter from the bottom of each tooth where N and a distance from the tangles of the displacement bodies, and determine the actual points of the theoretical values that determine By the fact that, for the purpose of precision measurement, the distance between the centers of the ball fitting tips is measured and the center of the wheel center is determined according to the formula YO | ct (l8o-JC VO is the wheel center coordinate in the machine coordinate system; the measured distance between the centers of the ball mounting tips is, the total number of teeth of the wheel to be measured, kZ is the number of teeth between the ball mounting tips j C is the device constant, which characterizes the coordinate of the point of intersection of the Y axis with the straight connecting the centers of the ball mounting tips. . The method according to claim 1, about the fact that the measurement of the distance between the centers of the ball end caps is performed by replacing the small perhenium meter between the ball mounting points and touching it with the stop, quiet of the caps and registering the measured small displacements.
    公开号:SU1145938A3
    申请号:SU802919650
    申请日:1980-05-14
    公开日:1985-03-15
    发明作者:Штерки Армин；Роберт Зоммер Герд；Негели Вальтер
    申请人:Мааг-Цанрэдер-Унд Машинен Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    3. The method according to claim 1, which is based on the fact that, with an odd number of teeth between the ball fitting tips, the Y axis is set midway between the actual coordinates of the right and left side points of the middle tooth profile, measured at the same coordinate value W.
    4. The method according to claim 1, about t l and h ay u and with the fact that with even. the number of teeth between the ball fitting tips the Y axis establish in the middle of the center the actual coordinates of the points of the right and left sides. The profile of the middle depression measured at the same value of the coordinate Y,
    5. A device for controlling the tooth profile of gear wheels, comprising a base with tangential guides, two longitudinal sleds.
    with ball mounting tips, movable along the said guides, placed between the sled and movable in the tangential direction, a slider with transverse guides, transverse slides, movable along transverse guides, controlled. and a slider, as well as a small displacement sensor mounted on a cross slide, which is distinguished with. By the fact that the tangential guides are made in the form of two parallel grooves along the entire length of the base, and the slide is mounted on the same guides as the longitudinal slide.
    6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the cross slide is provided with two opposing sensitive stops, and the longitudinal slide two coaxial rigid stops located in the plane of the sensitive stops of the cross slide.
    7. The device according to paragraphs. 5 and 6, characterized in that the means for measuring the movements of the slide
    and the cross slide are made in the form of rulers, fixed respectively on the base and the slider, and reading heads fixed on the creep and cross slide respectively.
    one
    The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to methods and means of measuring gear wheels.
    A known method of controlling gear wheels is that a disk with a diameter equal to the diameter of the main circumference of a controlled one rolls around a ruler and reproduces with it a theoretical evolvent implemented in a device containing a table, a slide, a pull-rod system, a carriage system and a measuring sensor 13.
    The disadvantage of this method is low control accuracy.
    The closest to the invention according to the technical essence is the method of controlling the tooth profile of gear wheels with the help of applied means with a rectangular coordinate system X, Y, which consists in
    the overlay is based on the wheel with the help of two ball fitting tips, placed in the hollows between the teeth, to install
    the coordinate plane perpendicular to the axis of the gear to be controlled, the axis Y is set perpendicular to the straight, passing through the centers of the ball mounting tips,
    and the X axis is held in the middle between them, the starting points of the specified axes of coordinates are determined, the theoretical coordinates of the tooth profile points are calculated, set at these points
    meter of small displacement and
    it is determined by the deviations of the actual profile points from the theoretical values.
    NOTES {1st method implemented ustR0YSTVOM to control the profile of the tooth yubchatyh wheels comprising J1 base with tangential guides, two longitudinal slides with ball mounting lugs, movable along said guide, disposed between the slide and movable in the tangential direction tyulzun with transverse guide, controlled drives of the coordinate movement of the cross slide and the slide, a means of measuring the movement of the cross slide and the slide, as well as a small displacement sensor installed on cross slide C2J. The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of the control of gear wheels, in particular, in which the tooth profile is not slanted. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of control. The goal is achieved in that according to the method of controlling the tooth profile of the tooth with the help of applied means of X-Y coordinate system, which consists in the fact that the applied tool is based on the wheel using two ball fitting tips placed in the hollows between the tooth set the coordinate plane perpendicular to the axis of the gear to be controlled, the axis Y is set perpendicularly straight, passing through the centers of the ball mounting tips, and the axis X passes in the middle between they determine the starting points of the indicated axes of coordinates, calculate the theoretical coordinates of the tooth profile points, establish a small displacement meter at these points and determine the deviation of the actual profile points from the theoretical values, measure the distance between the centers of the ball fitting tips and determine the wheel center coordinate by the formula (fgo -) - bC, where o is the wheel center coordinate in the machine coordinate system; . 5 is the measured distance between the centers of the ball mounting tips; Z is the total number of teeth of the wheel to be measured; K2 is the number of teeth between the ball mounting tips. 84 C is a device constant characterizing the coordinate of the point of intersection of the Y axis with the straight line connecting the centers of the ball mounting tips. In addition, the measurement of the distance between the centers of the ball mounting tips is performed by moving the gauge of small displacements with the ball mounting tips until it touches the stops of these tips and recording the path traversed by the indicated gauge of small displacements. With an odd number of teeth between the ball fitting tips, the Y axis is set midway between the actual coordinates of the points on the right and left side of the middle tooth profile, measured at the same value of the U coordinate. With an even number of teeth between the ball fitting tips, the Y axis is set midway between the actual coordinates of the right and left points sides of the profile of the middle depression measured at the same value of the coordinate Y. In the device for controlling the tooth profile of gear wheels containing with tangential guides, two longitudinal slides with ball mounting tips, moving along the said guides, placed between the slide and moving in the tangential direction, the slider with transverse guides, transverse sliding, movable along the transverse guides, axial displacement drives cross slide and slide, a means of measuring displacement. Cross slide and slide, as well as a small displacement sensor mounted on the cross slide, tangential Guides are made in the form of two parallel grooves on the whole; the length of the base, and the slider is installed on the same guides as the pro-. long slides. In addition, the cross slide is provided with two laterally positioned, sensitive stops, and the longitudinal slide is equipped with two coaxially fixed stops located in the plane of the sensitive stops of the transverse legs. The means for measuring the displacements of the slider and cross slide are made in the form of rulers fixed respectively on the base and slide, and reading heads fixed respectively on the slide and cross slide. E & FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device for implementing the method for monitoring a tooth tooth profile; FIG. 2 is a view of the device from the side of the controlled gear; FIG. 3 shows the principle of interaction of the device with a controlled gear wheel; FIG. 4, when the device interacts with a controlled gear wheel, top view in FIG. 5 is an electrical circuit of the device; in fig. 6, the device control unit, top view in FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the device control unit of FIG. & keyboard, view in plan. The device includes itself (FIG. 1, a measuring plate 1 on which a controlled gear wheel 2 is located. Next to the measuring plate 1, a table 3 is installed, adjustable in height, on which the mechanical measuring unit 4 of the device is placed. The mechanical measuring unit 4 contains a base 5 with three tabs 6, which can be set in height with the help of set screws 7. On the upper surface of the base 5 there is a longitudinal guide 8 in the form of two parallel grooves for the entire length of the base 5 on which move by means of screw 9 slider 10. The lead screw 9 is mounted on a support stationary in the axial direction on the left Fig. 1) end of the base 5 and can be driven in rotation by the servomotor 11. The servomotor 11 together with the tacho generator 12 attached to it is electrically connected to the regulator torus 13c servo amplifier. Along the guide 8, a ruler 14 is installed, along which the readout is carried out with the aid of a slide placed on it. 10 of the coupling head 15, and thus, at any time, the position of the slider 10 relative to the selectable zero point is known. At right angles to the longitudinal guideline 8, a guide 16 1686 which is formed on the slide I) passes. Along the transverse guide 16, transverse ca. ridges 18 can be moved by means of the running pin 17. The propeller 17 is not set axially in the axial direction at the front end of the slide 10 and can be rotated by the servo motor 1 9. The servo motor 19 together with the tacho generator 20 electrically connected to it connected to the regulator 21 with the servo amplifier. A ruler 22 is installed along the transverse guide 16, from which readings are taken by means of a read head 23. The pads 6 of the base 5 are set so that the longitudinal and transverse guides 8 and 16 extend at a right angle to the axis A of the controlled gear 2, t. e. bring the plane of the rectangular coordinate of the coordinate system with the axes X-Y | B into the plane normal to the axis of the gear 2 to be controlled. By means of the base 5 it is installed parallel to the longitudinal guide 8 'intersecting the axis A. the controlled gear 2 is axis X, and the axis Y runs parallel to the transverse guide 16 and intersects axis A at a right angle. The cross slide 18 carries the probe 24, which is installed in the sensor sensor housing 25 fixed on this slide, so that its spherical free end is movable reciprocating in the direction of the X axis, while changing the direction of the measuring force during the transition of the probe 24 through the middle position, which controlled by measuring sensor 25. Measuring sensor 25 is kinematically connected with two sensitive stops 26, which protrude on both sides of the parallel longitudinal guide 8 from the measuring body and tachik 25. On both sides of the slider 10, a longitudinal slide 27 is mounted on the longitudinal guide 8, on which one ball mounting tip 28 is fixed. The longitudinal slide 27 does not have its own drive and can move with a force that overcomes the force of friction caused by its own weight along pro. the longitudinal guide 8, i.e. in the direction of the X axis. Both ball mounting tips 28 (are replaceable. Each of the two longitudinal slide 27 is also fixed along one rigid stop 29 located on the side facing the slider 10 and directed parallel to the longitudinal guide, t. that is, in the direction of the X-axis. Sensitive wheels 26 when moving the cross slide 18 are installed coaxially with the rigid stops 29 of the longitudinal slide 27. This position of the cross slide 18 is taken as the zero position. The right longitudinal slide 27 (see Fig. 1) is An easily accessible and visible keyboard 30, which is shown in Fig. 8 on the basis of 5, from the side of the gear 2 being controlled (see Fig. 2), has an auxiliary ball tip 31 that moves along the base 5 parallel to the X axis, and, together with the ball fitting tip 28, is provided as the third support of the measuring unit in case it is necessary to control the profile of the side surface of the tooth, the wheel with which the axis A is horizontal. In this case, the measuring unit is not mounted on table 3, but on a controlled gear. In this case, both ball fitting tips 28 and an auxiliary ball tip 31 O. & rasch down and enter respectively into the cavities between the teeth of the controlled gear 2. The measuring probe 24 of the measuring sensor 25 is also located on the connecting straight between lugs 28. Regarding this straight pomogolny ball tip 31 is displaced in the direction of the axis A of the controlled cogwheel 2 so that it forms a reliable support by three points of the measuring unit 4 (fig, 3). Geometrical prerequisites for testing the profile of the flank of the tooth are shown in FIG. 4. The number of teeth Z is known in the controled-gear 2 wheel (along with other parameters). The controller places the measuring unit 4 in such a way that both Shchevyi measuring tips 28 enter into the corresponding depression between the teeth of the controlled gear 2 and lie adjacent to the adjacent side wheels. surface uba. Therefore, the number of teeth KZ between the two ball measuring tips 28 is also known (figure 4, for example, four teeth). Furthermore, the quantity C, which is measured in the direction of the X axis, is also known, to which the central point of the spherical thyroid 24 is pushed beyond the connecting line 5 of the midpoints of both spherical mounting tips 28, when the cross slide 18 assumes the zero position, in which the rigid stops 29 longitudinal slide 27 sensitive lugs 26 of the measuring sensor 25. However, the distance between the center of the probe 24 and the midpoint (or axis A) of the controlled gear 2, i.e. distance 0 is not known (see FIG. 4). The distance fcR of the midpoint of each ball mounting tip 28 to the axis A of the gear 2 is also not known. With a given number Z of teeth of the gear to be controlled 2 and a selected number K2 located between the ball mounting tips 28 of the teeth, the angle can be calculated (Г The following equation: KR definitions can be used the following equation: Sipi where 5 is the distance between the midpoints of both two mounting tips 28, According to Fig. 4, 40 can be determined from the equation, VOsKRcoso + C. (3) Substituting (t) and (2) into form (3), we get () t .. (4}
    The value of YO can be calculated by measuring the distance S and the known numbers of the teeth Z and KZ, and from this the position of the X axis for the measuring device is obtained. The X axis passes through the middle between the middle points of the two ball mounting tips 28. Thus, to orient the measuring unit 4 relative to the controlled gear 2, it suffices to measure the distance 5 and calculate 5/2 from it, as well as YO.
    FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 shows electrical terminals that have a suitable purpose.
    From terminal 32, the setpoint X is supplied to the servo amplifier controller 13, probe 33 of the measuring sensor 25 is controlled from terminal 33 and is pressed to the left or right to choose it so that it can touch the right or left side surface of the tooth from terminal 34 The controller sets the servo amplifier to the set value Y, and terminal 35 removes the signals from the measuring sensor 25, which through switch 36 (see Fig. 5) and terminal 32 are supplied to the controller 13c with the servo amplifier so that the probe 24 can be sent from the measuring sensor 25 copied about upshaemy them tooth flank profile, with head terminals 37 schitshayuscha 23 reports the actual position of cross slide 18 from terminal 38 schitshayuscha head 15 reports the value of the actual position of the slider 10.
    Alternatively, the servo amplifier controller 13c can receive signals of a nominal value from the calculator (Fig. 7). .
    Wires are connected to all terminals 32-35, 37 and 38, as well as to the terminal 39 of the output of the keyboard 30, which are combined into a common cable and connect the measuring unit 4 to the control unit 40 (Fig. 6).
    The visible components of the control unit 40 include the terminals 41 for the cable, the network switch 42, the recorder 43 with paper 44 on which the profile deviation diagrams 45 are applied for the right and left tooth surfaces, then the light pointer 46, which indicates the beginning
    measurement and keyboard 47. 1 on the keyboard buttons 47 are the following: ENTER - record button, CL - quench button, N - numbering button to indicate the tooth to be monitored, R - repeat button, ST - stop of the measuring sensor drive 25, 0-9 - number buttons the arrows indicate the positioning of the paper and diagrams in the recorder 43, the dot indicates the increase in the profile 45 diagram, minus the data input.
    In addition, the control unit 40 contains (see Fig. 7) electronic units 48-54 connected, respectively, to terminals 32-35, 37 and 38, which is connected with a cable connecting to the measuring unit 4.
    The electronic unit 48 controls the movement of the slide 10 along the X axis.
    The electronic unit 49 is designed to control the measurement sensor 25 to feel the right or left surface of the tooth.
    The electronic unit 50 controls the movement of the cross slide 18 along the X axis. The electronic unit 51 is designed to process signals
    incoming from the measuring sensor 25. The electronic unit 52 1 is designed to process the signals from the reading head 23, and additionally includes a counter and a comparator that compare the incoming signals with a predetermined value.
    The electronic unit 53 is designed to process the signals of the guiding head 15 and includes a counter and a comparator.
    The electronic unit 54 is designed to process and transmit the service signals typed by the buttons.
    The electronic blocks 48-54 each contain one analog-to-digital converter.
    All electronic components, the recorder 43, the light pointer 46 and the keyboard 47 are connected to the interface 55, which in its turn is connected via a redundant channel 56 to the calculator 57 and the memory block 58.
    On the right longitudinal slide 27 (see Fig. 1) a keyboard is placed. 30 The inscriptions on the keyboard (see Fig. 8) denote the following: TT - tracking
    111
    probe 34 of measuring sensor 25, LF, - pressing probe 24 of measuring sensor 25 to the right to touch the left side surface of the tooth, F setting the end point of the test surface on the side of the tooth stem, K setting the end point of the test surface on the sides of the tooth head, STOP - stopping the drive slider 10 and cross slide 18, CLR - cancel button for extinguishing commands for automatic tracking of the probe 24 of the measuring sensor 25 and the set end points on the side / leg and the tooth head, arrows - direction buttons for the steering wheel Nogo movable slide 10 and cross slide 18.
    The preparation and testing of the side surface profile of the tooth is attenuated in the following sequence.
    The control unit 40, having received a commander, moves the cross slide 18 / to the predetermined position 10, and the measuring probe 24 is thus located outside the cavity between the teeth.
    As soon as the PO position has been reached, the cross slide 18 stops and remains at position 10. Then slide the slider 10 to the right until the right sensing stop 26 rests on the hard stop 29 longitudinal sled 27. Next, slide the slider to the left until the hard stop 29 left longitudinal slide 27.
    The magnitude of the distance traveled is remembered, the parameters of LL and 5/2 are calculated. Then the slider is retracted 10 times the size of the distance traveled. Probe 2 has the same spacing with respect to ball mounting tips-28. .
    Then set the slider 10 to half the size of the traversed path. The probe 24 has the same spacing with respect to the ball fitting tips 28.
    Then it sets the probe to the position of the UE, which is formed as the arithmetic mean of the dimensions of the SD and MC, (see Fig. 4).
    If in advance the selected number of teeth is even, then the cross salaz3812
    The ki 18 move in the direction of the controlled gear 2 until the probe 24 has a predetermined distance of the UE to the axis A of the controlled gear 2.
    Then, the cross slide 18 moves to the left until the probe 24 rests against the right side surface of the tooth with a predetermined pressing force.
    The distance traveled is measured in the usual known manner, the middle of the tooth cavity is determined by dividing the measured path in half.
    If the pre-selected number of teeth is odd, then the cross slide moves by the calculated value in the X-direction to the left and then enters the tooth cavity and then comes in contact with the chubby flank of the tooth with a predetermined force to press into the fusion 3
    Then, in the same sequence as with an even number, the tooth of the slider 10 becomes in the zero position. To this end, the probe 24 is moved back to the EO position and in this position moves to the right-tooth root. Then the probe 24 is moved to the right tooth root until the probe comes into contact with the right side surface of the tooth in the PU position from the axis A of the gear wheel.
    The middle of the tooth is then calculated. The XE size is calculated by dividing the content of the X counter in half.
    This completes the preparation of the nodes.
    Then move the probe 24 to the position of the UR. From the UR position, the probe 24 rtepe moves along the calculated theoretical evolvent and the measuring sensor 25 detects the deviation of the probe 24 in contact with the tooth profile being monitored from the theoretical involute. This deviation is recorded by a-yut on the chart paper 44 of the registrar 43.. ,
    The use of the invention allows to improve the accuracy of control of the profile of the tooth of gear wheels. S 32
    28
    25 2 18
    j4n 96 /, № JO 29

    27
    J
     Shg: .--- 2GZh1 H
    iifiiiii.
    28
    27
    / § J /
    d / .f J J
    phage A
    four
    44
    /.
    46
    a
    chic
    .4f
    f
    47 32 33 34 f35
    50
    54
    52
    53 to 39
    43
    AND
    57
    AND
    55
    FIG. 7 30

    FIG. eight
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    -one. The way to control the profile of the teeth of the gears · using overhead tools with a rectangular coordination system X, U, which consists in the fact that the overhead tool is based on the wheel using two ball mounting tips placed in the cavities between the teeth, establish a coordinate plane perpendicular to the axis of the controlled gear wheels, the Y axis is set perpendicular to the straight line passing through the centers of the ball mounting tips, and the X axis is drawn in the middle between them, the starting points are determined s x- coordinate calculating the theoretical coordinates of the tooth profile is set in these points meter ma mated movements and determining deviations of the actual profile points thereon from the theoretical values, characterized in that, in order to increase accuracy, measure the distance between the centers of spherical mounting lugs and determine the coordinate of the center of the wheel by the formula where Ύ0 is the coordinate of the center of the wheel in the coordinate system of the machine;
    5 - the measured distance between the centers of the ball mounting tips ·,
    Σ is the total number of teeth of the measured wheel ·,
    KZ - the number of teeth between the ball mounting tips;
    C is a device constant characterizing the coordinate of the intersection point of the Y axis with a straight line connecting the centers of the ball mounting tips.
    4 ^ SL 50 00
    [2]
    2. The method of pop. 1, the fact is that the distance between the centers of the ball mounting tips is measured by moving the small displacement meter between the ball mounting tips until they touch the stops of these tips and registering the path covered by the indicated small displacement meter.
    [3]
    3. The method according to p. ^ Characterized in that, with an odd number of teeth between the ball mounting tips, the Y axis is set in the middle between the actual coordinates of the points of the right and left sides of the middle tooth profile, measured with the same value of the Y coordinate.
    [4]
    4. The method according to p. / Characterized in that when even. the number of teeth between the spherical installation tips, the Y axis is set in the middle between the actual coordinates of the points of the right and left sides of the profile of the middle depression measured at the same value of the Y coordinate.
    [5]
    5. A device for controlling the profile of the gear tooth, comprising a base with tangential guides, two longitudinal slides · with spherical mounting tips, movable with the specified guide guides, controlled drives of coordinate movements of the transverse slide and slider, means of measuring the movements of the transverse slide and slider, as well as a sensor of small displacements mounted on the transverse sled, which means that the tangential guides are made in the form of two parallel grooves along the entire length of the base, and the slider is mounted on the same guides as the longitudinal sled.
    [6]
    6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the transverse slide is provided with two oppozitelnoiemy sensitive stops, and the longitudinal slide with two coaxial rigid stops placed in the plane of the sensitive stops of the transverse slide.
    [7]
    7. The device according to paragraphs. 5 and 6, characterized in that the means of measuring the movements of the slider and the transverse slide are made in the form of rulers fixed on the base and the slider, respectively, and reading heads fixed on the slider and the transverse slide, respectively.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE2934347C2|1985-11-21|
    CH649832A5|1985-06-14|
    DE3063043D1|1983-06-16|
    DE2934347A1|1980-11-20|
    US4276699A|1981-07-07|
    EP0019075B1|1983-05-11|
    JPS6127686B2|1986-06-26|
    EP0019075A1|1980-11-26|
    IT8021534D0|1980-04-22|
    GB2052746B|1983-06-29|
    IT1140890B|1986-10-10|
    FR2456938B1|1982-05-21|
    JPS5622909A|1981-03-04|
    GB2052746A|1981-01-28|
    FR2456938A1|1980-12-12|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH4452/79A|CH649832A5|1979-05-14|1979-05-14|METHOD AND TEST DEVICE FOR TESTING THE TOOTHED FRAME PROFILE OF GEARS WITH LARGE DIAMETERS.|
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